ABSTRACT

Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors affecting especially women and globally causing around 300,000 deaths annually. It is caused by a prolonged infection with high-risk subtypes of the human papillomavirus, and viral oncoproteins such as E5, E6 and E7 collaborate with host factors to create and maintain the malignant phenotype. Despite improved survival rate by early detection and advances in the treatment, recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer remains a major challenge for management. Cervical cancer can sometimes spread to other organs like bones, liver, or lungs mostly affecting the lymph nodes. Recurrent cervical cancer is the term used to describe cervical cancer that has come back after therapy. This article emphasizes on innovative therapeutic techniques and combinational therapies which are the upcoming strategies for both recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer. This review focuses not only on the onset and progress of cervical cancer, but also discusses in- depth recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer and various upcoming strategies available for the treatment.